Nanosecond Polarization Switching and Long Retention in a Novel MFIS-FET Based on Ferroelectric $\hbox {HfO}_{2}$

We report the fabrication of completely CMOS-compatible ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FETs) by stabilization of a ferroelectric phase in 10-nm-thin Si:HfO₂. The program and erase operation of this metal-ferroelectric-insulator-silicon FET (MFIS) with poly-Si/TiN/Si:HfO₂/SiO₂/Si gate stack is compared to the transient switching behavior of a TiN-based metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) capacitor. Polarization reversal in the MFM capacitor follows a characteristic time and field dependence for ferroelectric domain switching, leading to a higher switching speed with increasing applied field. Similar observations were made for the material when implemented into an MFIS structure. Nonvolatile switching was observed down to 20-ns pulsewidth, yielding a memory window (MW) of 1.2 V. Further increase in gate bias or pulsewidth led to charge injection and degradation of the MW. Retention measurements for up to 10⁶ s suggest a retention of more than ten years.