Invited tutorial: Noise in amplifiers, mixers and oscillators

Summary form only given. This tutorial begins with an examination of noise models of devices and then considers the noise of representative blocks such as amplifiers, mixers and oscillators. The presentation will highlight the different consequences of stationary and cyclostationary noise processes. Throughout the emphasis will be on the acquisition of useful design insight. Many of these insights prove to be broadly useful for digital circuits as well, thanks to relentless supply voltage reductions that are driving a convergence between analog and digital circuits as lithographic scaling continues.