Numerical solution of magnetic fields in the vicinity of current-carrying conductors

In most magnetic-field problems of practical interest in machines, transformers and similar devices, the flux distributions required are those in and around current-carrying windings. Here the potential is a vector function, which can be solved by numerical methods only in two dimensions, and which gives poor rates of convergence in regions bounded by iron surfaces of high permeability. The paper describes a scalar-potential method of solving such fields which is not subject to these limitations and which has other advantages. The application of the technique to the calculation of mechanical forces and winding flux linkages is considered.