Method for measurement of plane resistors at microwave frequencies

The determination of the resistance of plane dissipative layers by impedance measurement is treated. Special attention is devoted to the range 1¿104¿ per square at 7Gc/s. Formulas are derived from transmission-line theory by making certain approximations, and the ranges of validity of these approximations are discussed. For 10¿300¿ per square, a simple graphical method is given. Experimental results show that the h.f. and d.c. resistances for two kinds of layers agree, but that a third kind shows substantial differences between the two resistances. In an Appendix a formulation of the input impedance of transmission lines is proposed that is specially suitable for transmission lines consisting of sections with different propagation coefficients.