Impact of network routing on the end-to-end transmission quality of cellular and PCS connections

Long-distance and especially international calls involve an increasing number of multilink circuits of cellular, personal communications, mobile satellite, and public switched telephone network (PSTN)-type connections incorporating a variety of speech coding devices. In particular, the rapid growth of cellular communications and the impeding emergence of personal communication systems (PCSs) has highlighted the need to characterize the quality of end-to-end connections when cellular and PCS terminals are connected over the PSTN. At the same time, the nonlinear nature of low-rate parametric speech coding has rendered unsuitable known analytical methods for estimating end-to-end quality of interconnected networks. Instead, quantification of the transmission performance requires direct subjective evaluation of the pertinent connections of interest. In this paper, the quality of North American, Japanese, and European digital cellular and PCS terminals is quantified when these are interconnected using 16-kb/s low-delay code-excited linear prediction (LD-CELP) and 32-kb/s adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) facilities. From these assessments, it can be concluded that digital cellular networks may meet end-to-end transmission planning criteria when interconnected with the switched network as long as calls are terminated to a wired terminal