Design of Sierpinski gasket fractal microstrip antenna using real coded genetic algorithm

A novel technique for designing Sierpinski gasket fractal microstrip antenna is proposed. In the absence of any available closed-form formulae, this scheme uses an evolutionary method, based on real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA) in conjunction with electromagnetic simulations. This method determines the side-length and the fractal iteration number of the antenna, for operation at 4.56, 7.51 and 11.78 GHz. The design simulation of the antenna uses two different RCGA implementation strategies. The Adewuya mating with Gaussian mutation is the basis for the first one, whereas the second one uses heuristic crossover in conjunction with non-uniform mutation. Converging results, from these two strategies to those obtained from experiments on fabricated prototypes, validate the proposed method.