DocumentCode :
1452369
Title :
Optimal Model-Based Beamforming and Independent Steering for Spherical Loudspeaker Arrays
Author :
Rafaely, Boaz ; Khaykin, Dima
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Ben-Gurion Univ. of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
Volume :
19
Issue :
7
fYear :
2011
Firstpage :
2234
Lastpage :
2238
Abstract :
Spherical loudspeaker arrays have been recently studied for directional sound radiation, where the compact arrangement of the loudspeaker units around a sphere facilitated the control of sound radiation in three-dimensional space. Directivity of sound radiation, or beamforming, was achieved by driving each loudspeaker unit independently, where the design of beamforming weights was typically achieved by numerical optimization with reference to a given desired beam pattern. This is in contrast to the methods already developed for microphone arrays in general and spherical microphone arrays in particular, where beamformer weights are designed to satisfy a wider range of objectives, related to directivity, robustness, and side-lobe level, for example. This paper presents the development of a physical-model-based, optimal beamforming framework for spherical loudspeaker arrays, similar to the framework already developed for spherical microphone arrays, facilitating efficient beamforming in the spherical harmonics domain, with independent steering. In particular, it is shown that from a beamforming perspective, the spherical loudspeaker array is similar to the spherical microphone array with microphones arranged around a rigid sphere. Experimental investigation validates the theoretical framework of beamformer design.
Keywords :
array signal processing; loudspeakers; microphone arrays; beam pattern; beamformer design; beamforming weights; compact arrangement; directional sound radiation; independent steering; loudspeaker unit; numerical optimization; optimal model-based beamforming; side-lobe level; sound radiation directivity; spherical harmonics; spherical loudspeaker array; spherical microphone array; Array signal processing; Design methodology; Harmonic analysis; Loudspeakers; Microphone arrays; Robustness; Array signal processing; loudspeaker arrays; spherical arrays; spherical harmonics;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1558-7916
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TASL.2011.2116011
Filename :
5714718
Link To Document :
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