The development and design of direct-coupled cathode-ray oscilloscopes for industry and research

The wide field of application and range of requirements of the cathode-ray oscifioscope are shown. The problems of design are considered in relation to the limitations of the cathode-ray tube and the requirements of the time base and amplifier. The ¿Miller-Transitron¿ time base is considered in detail. The need for direct coupling in both time base and amplifier is discussed. ¿Straight¿ and carrier-frequency d.c. amplifiers are described. Drift is a serious problem in d.c. amplifiers and ways of reducing it by negative feedback and stabilization of h.t. supplies are mentioned. Probes, high-discrimination input units, high-resistance input units, beam-blanking units and delay lines are discussed briefly.