Fine carrier and sampling frequency synchronization in OFDM systems

This paper investigates the joint pilot-assisted estimation of the residual carrier frequency offset (RCFO) and sampling frequency offset (SFO) in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. As it is known, the exact maximum-likelihood (ML) solution to this problem involves a bidimensional grid-search that cannot be pursued in practice. After introducing an enlarged set of auxiliary unknown parameters, however, the RCFO and SFO recovery tasks can be decoupled and the bidimensional search is thus replaced with a simpler mono-dimensional search. This results into an estimation algorithm of reasonable complexity which is suitable for practical implementation. To further reduce the processing load, we also present an alternative scheme yielding frequency estimates in closed-form. Numerical simulations indicate that the proposed methods outperform existing estimators available in the literature in terms of both estimation accuracy and error-rate performance.