Some new possibilities in civil underwater echo-ranging

The paper describes eight projects currently in hand in the Electrical Engineering Department of the University of Birmingham; these are essentially practical projects, leading more or less directly to substantial improvements in echo-ranging techniques for fisheries operations and research, navigation, surveying and general oceanographical work. The projects are: electronic sector scanning, multiplicative reception, wideband echo-ranging, interferometric echo-sounder, ¿bottom-lock¿ frequency-modulated echo-sounder, continuous-wave echo systems, transfer of oscilloscope display to paper chart, and automatic electronic beam stabilization.