Title :
Optical Modes in a Rectangular VCSEL Resonator With Properties of Both Gaussian and Fourier Modes
Author :
Gronenborn, Stephan ; Schwarz, Thomas ; Pekarski, Pavel ; Miller, Michael ; Mönch, Holger ; Loosen, Peter
Author_Institution :
Philips Res. Labs., Aachen, Germany
Abstract :
We present the optical modes of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser resonator with a large Fresnel number in one direction, and a small Fresnel number in the other direction. The modes show properties of both the well-known Gaussian modes in lasers with a small Fresnel number and the modes of the Fourier type, which have been observed in lasers with a large Fresnel number. Also simultaneous oscillation of two modes near threshold and a higher-order mode in the direction of the small Fresnel number is observed experimentally.
Keywords :
laser cavity resonators; laser modes; quantum well lasers; surface emitting lasers; Fourier modes; Fourier type modes; Fresnel number; Gaussian modes; higher-order mode; mode oscillation; near threshold mode; optical modes; rectangular VCSEL resonator; vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser resonator; Apertures; Cavity resonators; Laser modes; Optical diffraction; Optical resonators; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Laser modes; semiconductor lasers; vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;
Journal_Title :
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JQE.2012.2193386
