Title :
256×256 CMOS active pixel sensor camera-on-a-chip
Author :
Nixon, R.H. ; Kemeny, S.E. ; Pain, B. ; Staller, C.O. ; Fossum, E.R.
Author_Institution :
Center for Space Microelectronics Technol., California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, CA, USA
fDate :
12/1/1996 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A CMOS imaging sensor is described that uses active pixel sensor (APS) technology and permits the integration of the detector array with on-chip timing, control, and signal chain electronics. This sensor technology has been used to implement a CMOS APS camera-on-a-chip. The camera-on-a-chip features a 256×256 APS sensor integrated on a CMOS chip with the timing and control circuits, and signal-conditioning to enable random-access, low power (~5 mW) operation, and low read noise (13 e- rms). The chip features simple power supplies, fast readout rates, and a digital interface for commanding the sensor, as well as for programming the window-of-interest readout and exposure times. Excellent imaging has been demonstrated with the APS camera-on-a-chip, and the measured performance indicates that this technology will be competitive with charge-coupled devices (CCD´s) in many applications
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; image sampling; image sensors; integrated circuit measurement; integrated circuit noise; mixed analogue-digital integrated circuits; 256 pixel; 5 mW; 65536 pixel; CMOS active pixel sensor camera-on-a-chip; CMOS imaging sensor; control circuits; detector array; digital interface; exposure times; fast readout rates; low power operation; low read noise; on-chip timing; random-access; signal chain electronics; signal-conditioning; window-of-interest readout; CMOS image sensors; CMOS technology; Current measurement; Detectors; Integrated circuit technology; Pixel; Power supplies; Sensor arrays; Sensor phenomena and characterization; Timing;
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
