Title :
Electroencephalography (EEG)-Based Brain–Computer Interface (BCI): A 2-D Virtual Wheelchair Control Based on Event-Related Desynchronization/Synchronization and State Control
Author :
Huang, Dandan ; Qian, Kai ; Fei, Ding-Yu ; Jia, Wenchuan ; Chen, Xuedong ; Bai, Ou
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Biomed. Eng., Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA, USA
fDate :
5/1/2012 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
This study aims to propose an effective and practical paradigm for a brain-computer interface (BCI)-based 2-D virtual wheelchair control. The paradigm was based on the multi-class discrimination of spatiotemporally distinguishable phenomenon of event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS) in electroencephalogram signals associated with motor execution/imagery of right/left hand movement. Comparing with traditional method using ERD only, where bilateral ERDs appear during left/right hand mental tasks, the 2-D control exhibited high accuracy within a short time, as incorporating ERS into the paradigm hypothetically enhanced the spatiotemporal feature contrast of ERS versus ERD. We also expected users to experience ease of control by including a noncontrol state. In this study, the control command was sent discretely whereas the virtual wheelchair was moving continuously. We tested five healthy subjects in a single visit with two sessions, i.e., motor execution and motor imagery. Each session included a 20 min calibration and two sets of games that were less than 30 min. Average target hit rate was as high as 98.4% with motor imagery. Every subject achieved 100% hit rate in the second set of wheelchair control games. The average time to hit a target 10 m away was about 59 s, with 39 s for the best set. The superior control performance in subjects without intensive BCI training suggested a practical wheelchair control paradigm for BCI users.
Keywords :
biomechanics; brain-computer interfaces; electroencephalography; handicapped aids; virtual reality; wheelchairs; 2D virtual wheelchair control; EEG; brain-computer interface; electroencephalography; event-related desynchronization; event-related synchronization; hand mental tasks; hand movement; motor execution; motor imagery; multiclass discrimination; spatiotemporal feature contrast; spatiotemporally distinguishable phenomenon; state control; wheelchair control games; Accuracy; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Feature extraction; Games; Wheelchairs; Wrist; Brain–computer interface (BCI); electroencephalogram (EEG); event-related desynchronization; event-related synchronization; two-dimensional (2-D); wheelchair control; Adult; Algorithms; Brain; Cues; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Electroencephalography Phase Synchronization; Evoked Potentials; Female; Functional Laterality; Hand; Humans; Intention; Male; Man-Machine Systems; Movement; Psychomotor Performance; User-Computer Interface; Video Games; Wheelchairs; Young Adult;
Journal_Title :
Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TNSRE.2012.2190299