On performance improvement of tone frequency estimation

A approach for tone resolution and estimation problems in applications such as pulse Doppler processing and direction finding is presented. The approach, based on frequency-diversity signaling and coherent wideband high-resolution processing, is shown to significantly outperform those using the conventional signaling and narrowband high-resolution processing under the equal-transmitted-energy constraint with either completely correlated or independent targets. Both analytical analysis and simulations are provided, as well as some insights on issues related to the performance of narrowband high-resolution processing methods and the effectiveness of smoothing techniques