DocumentCode :
1492780
Title :
Periodic Small Signal Analysis of a Wide Class of Type-II Phase Locked Loops Through an Exhaustive Variational Model
Author :
Bizzarri, Federico ; Brambilla, Angelo ; Gajani, Giancarlo Storti
Author_Institution :
Dipt. di Elettron. e Inf., Politec. di Milano, Milan, Italy
Volume :
59
Issue :
10
fYear :
2012
Firstpage :
2221
Lastpage :
2231
Abstract :
Phase-locked loops are important building blocks for several different applications. Modern design and implementation of these circuits is largely advantaged by a mixed analog/digital simulation approach since phase locked loops are stiff systems and a full analog representation is in general too large to simulate in reasonable time. Even though current algorithms, based on a mixed analog/digital representation, lead to models characterized by outstanding properties, they do not allow efficient simulations of important periodic and small signal features such as modulation/demodulation or noise effects. In this paper a novel, reliable and efficient method is proposed that overcomes those limitations and makes possible to evaluate both modulation/demodulation and noise effects in the widely adopted class of type-II phase-locked loop circuits based on a digital three-state phase-frequency detector.
Keywords :
demodulation; modulation; phase detectors; phase locked loops; variational techniques; digital three-state phase-frequency detector; exhaustive variational model; full analog representation; mixed analog/digital representation; mixed analog/digital simulation; modulation/demodulation; noise effects; outstanding properties; periodic small signal analysis; type-II phase locked loops; Integrated circuit modeling; Mathematical model; Phase frequency detector; Phase locked loops; Trajectory; Vectors; Voltage-controlled oscillators; Noise analysis; periodic small signal analysis; phase-locked loops; variational model;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1549-8328
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TCSI.2012.2188953
Filename :
6182721
Link To Document :
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