Identification of linear modulated FM signal via a new recursive modified response error method (REM)

Identification scheme for estimating the carrier frequency and rate of change of frequency is reported. This method is based on a response error method. Many recursive methods for identification of ARMA (p, z) model parameters are available in the technical literature. The current method is based on gradient methods and has its roots in nonlinear optimization. The problem is to estimate the carrier frequency, rate of change of frequency, and noise power from an observed time series corrupted by white Gaussian noise (WGN)