Performance comparisons of AC load-flow techniques for real time applications

The author presents detailed results on the performance comparisons of the investigated AC load flow techniques, i.e. fast decoupled, second-order Newton Raphson and the super-decoupled load flows. The results are compared on the basis of the convergence rates, iteration counts, memory requirements and the CPU times. Comparative performance evaluations of these three methods with respect to ill-conditioning networks and line-outage simulations are also investigated. Extensive performance tests have been carried out on the standard IEEE 5, 14, 24 and 57 bus test systems