A Modified Car-Following Model Based on a Neural Network Model of the Human Driver Effects

Nowadays, among the microscopic traffic flow modeling approaches, the car-following models are increasingly used by transportation experts to utilize appropriate intelligent transportation systems. Unlike previous works, where the reaction delay is considered to be fixed, in this paper, a modified neural network approach is proposed to simulate and predict the car-following behavior based on the instantaneous reaction delay of the driver-vehicle unit as the human effects. This reaction delay is calculated based on a proposed idea, and the model is developed based on this feature as an input. In this modeling, the inputs and outputs are chosen with respect to the reaction delay to train the neural network model. Using the field data, the performance of the model is calculated and compared with the responses of some existing neural network car-following models. Considering the difference between the responses of the actual plant and the predicted model as the error, comparison shows that the error in the proposed model is significantly smaller than that that in the other models.