Title :
De-embedding the noise figure of differential amplifiers
Author :
Abidi, A.A. ; Leete, J.C.
Author_Institution :
Integrated Circuits & Syst. Lab., California Univ., Los Angeles, CA, USA
fDate :
6/1/1999 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Many radio-frequency circuits use differential topologies, whereas the instruments to evaluate them are inevitably single ended. Taking into account noise correlations, this work extends Friis´ well-known equation for the noise figure of a cascade of two-ports to the case of three-ports, such as baluns, which surround a differential amplifier during measurements. The amplifier gain and noise figure may be accurately de-embedded with single-ended measurements on the cascade and on the baluns. The new formulas are experimentally validated
Keywords :
baluns; cascade networks; circuit noise; differential amplifiers; electric noise measurement; losses; multiport networks; radiofrequency amplifiers; amplifier gain; balun loss; baluns; cascade; differential amplifiers; noise figure de-embedding; single-ended measurements; three-ports; Circuit noise; Circuit topology; Differential amplifiers; Differential equations; Gain measurement; Impedance matching; Instruments; Noise figure; Noise measurement; Radio frequency;
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
