A natural method for coupling magnetodynamic H-formulations and circuit equations

A method for defining electric global quantities, i.e. currents and voltages, in finite element magnetodynamic H-formulations is presented. It makes use of edge finite elements, which enables direct definition of currents in a strong sense as well as exploitation of the discrete weak formulation to define voltages in a natural weak way, without the need of any supplementary integral formula. It is applied to massive and stranded inductors for defining voltage sources and for coupling with circuit equations