Title :
Power penalties due to multiple Rayleigh backscattering in coherent transmission systems using in-line optical amplifiers
Author :
Staubli, Roland K. ; Gysel, Peter ; Hofstetter, Rolf U.
Author_Institution :
ETH-Inst. for Commun. Technol., Swiss Federal Inst. of Technol., Zurich, Switzerland
Abstract :
The power penalties due to double Rayleigh backscattering are calculated for coherent lightwave systems with optical in-line amplifiers. It is shown that coherent systems are less sensitive to Rayleigh noise than high-speed direct-detection systems. For PSK heterodyne systems, the maximum gain of in-line amplifiers that can be achieved without optical isolation is limited to about 25 dB.<>
Keywords :
backscatter; laser beam applications; light coherence; light scattering; optical communication equipment; phase shift keying; 25 dB; PSK heterodyne systems; Rayleigh noise; coherent transmission systems; double Rayleigh backscattering; in-line optical amplifiers; multiple Rayleigh backscattering; power penalties; Backscatter; High speed optical techniques; Optical amplifiers; Optical mixing; Optical noise; Optical sensors; Phase shift keying; Power amplifiers; Semiconductor optical amplifiers; Stimulated emission;
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
