Application of mixed order BCGS-FFT on contrast enhanced oil reservoir imaging

Summary form only given. With the rapid advancements in material science and manufacturing technology, applications of materials with special properties have been widely expanded. Some specially made nanoparticles can be used as contrast agents to change the contrast modalities (ε, μ, and σ) of the unknown objects in electromagnetic imaging problem to improve the imaging quality. Due to the potentials of the enhanced contrast imaging, many attempts have recently been made to apply this technique to various fields, for example oil reservoir imaging. In the application of the contrast enhanced oil reservoir imaging, nanoparticles with large permittivity, magnetic permeability and/or electrical conductivity are injected to the reservoir through the injection well. As the nanoparticles propagate into the reservoir, the three contrast modalities of the oil can be significantly changed depending on the fluid saturation rate. The enhanced contrasts of the oil can result in a stronger scattered signal which will lead to an enhancement in imaging result. However, the low operating frequency and large contrast modalities of the nanoparticles can be challenging for currently available electromagnetic field solvers for scattering problems.