A 134-Pixel CMOS Sensor for Combined Time-of-Flight and Optical Triangulation 3-D Imaging

Author

Sgrott, Oreste ; Mosconi, Daniel ; Perenzoni, Matteo ; Pedretti, Gianmaria ; Gonzo, Lorenzo ; Stoppa, David

Author_Institution

Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Trento, Italy

Volume

45

Issue

7

fYear

2010

fDate

7/1/2010 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

1354

Lastpage

1364

Abstract

This paper describes the design and characterization of a 134-pixel linear array sensor for three-dimensional measurements based on both multiple-pulse indirect-time-of-flight (ITOF) and optical triangulation (OT) techniques. In OT mode, a winner-take-all (WTA) stage allows for a fast localization of the spot position along the pixel array so that only useful pixels are selectively read out, for a maximum operation speed of 131 kVoxel/s. Distance measurements in OT mode over the range 0.4 m-1.0 m are obtained with a best precision of 0.004%-0.21%, while ITOF operation allows mapping the range 0.8-3 m at 125 voxel/s with a relative precision of 1.7%-3.8%. Background rejection up to 10 klux has also been demonstrated without the need of any optical filters.

Keywords

CMOS image sensors; image resolution; optical images; sensor arrays; CMOS sensor; linear array sensor; multiple-pulse indirect-time-of-flight; optical filters; time-of-flight-optical triangulation 3D imaging; winner-take-all; CMOS image sensors; Distance measurement; Optical arrays; Optical design; Optical design techniques; Optical filters; Optical imaging; Optical sensors; Sensor arrays; Sensor phenomena and characterization; CMOS active pixel; image sensor; optical triangulation; range finding; three-dimensional image sensor; time-of-flight;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9200

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/JSSC.2010.2048076

Filename

5492317