Microwave emission and reflection from the wind-roughened sea surface at 6.7 and 18.6 GHz

Author

Sasaki, Yasunori ; Asanuma, Ichio ; Muneyama, Kei ; Naito, Genichi ; Suzuki, Tsutomu

Author_Institution

Japan Marine Sci. & Technol. Center, Yokosuka, Japan

Volume

26

Issue

6

fYear

1988

fDate

11/1/1988 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

860

Lastpage

868

Abstract

Microwave radiometric observations were made with specially designed microwave radiometers at 6.7 and 18.6 GHz, and the results were compared with those of other investigators, over the frequency range of 1-40 GHz. Dependences of sea surface emission and reflection on wind speed, frequency, incidence angle, and polarization type are discussed in detail, following discussions of the reflective processes of sky radiation and error estimation in the retrieval of mainlobe-averaged brightness temperature. The wind speed sensitivity of brightness temperature, emissivity, and reflectivity is formulated with respect to frequency and incidence angle in each polarization. The brightness temperature, emissivity and reflectivity at arbitrary wind speed are derived employing this formulation. Based on the results obtained it is suggested that the 10-19-GHz band may be optimal for satellite microwave radiometer observations of sea-surface wind

Keywords

atmospheric boundary layer; atmospheric techniques; oceanography; radar applications; remote sensing; wind; 1 to 40 GHz; 18.6 GHz; 6.7 GHz; SHF; atmosphere; brightness temperature; emissivity; incidence angle; marine boundary layer; measurement; microwave emission; ocean wave; polarization; radar; reflection; reflectivity; remote sensing; technique; wind speed sensitivity; wind-roughened sea surface; Brightness temperature; Frequency; Microwave radiometry; Ocean temperature; Polarization; Radiometers; Reflection; Reflectivity; Sea surface; Wind speed;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0196-2892

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/36.7717

Filename

7717