On the design of a DS-3 multiplex with signaling channel derived by C-bit liberation

M12 Stuff-ratio, clock synthesis, and signaling capacity considerations are developed for a anew class of DS-3 format in which C-bits are released DS-2 stage synchronization and frequency manipulation to a pseudo-DS-2 frequency, Fc2, at which wholly predictable DS-3 stuffing patterns arise. It is shown that the previously proposed special case of forcing 100% DS-3 stuffing literature may adversely affect the DS-1 jitter performance of the dependent M12 stage, but that this risk can be avoided by considering the wider class of freed C-bit formats which are based on deterministic patterns of ganged DS-3 stuffing, rather than 100% stuffing. The ganged stuffing approach is based on the principles (a) that synchronized DS-2s can share the same DS-3 stuffing information regardless of Fc2 rate, and (b) that certain Fc2 rates exist at which predictable repeating patterns of DS-3 stuff decisions occur