VCSEL design using the bidirectional beam-propagation method

Author

Rao, Hongling ; Steel, M.J. ; Scarmozzino, Rob ; Osgood, Richard M., Jr.

Author_Institution

Microelectron. Sci. Lab., Columbia Univ., New York, NY, USA

Volume

37

Issue

11

fYear

2001

fDate

11/1/2001 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

1435

Lastpage

1440

Abstract

We present an optical modeling approach for calculating vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSELs) modes based on the bidirectional beam propagation method. Compared with existing approaches, it is flexible, efficient, and convenient. To demonstrate and validate the approach, we examined several design problems for oxide-confined VCSEL devices. Specifically, we modeled the blue-shift phenomenon in small oxidized VCSELs and compared our calculations with previous results. We also examined the dependence of the threshold gain on different oxide-aperture shaped designs and on the thickness and placement of an aperture layer

Keywords

laser beams; laser modes; optical design techniques; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; VCSEL design; aperture layer thickness; bidirectional beam-propagation method; blue-shift phenomenon; design problems; optical modeling approach; oxide-aperture shaped designs; oxide-confined VCSEL devices; threshold gain; vertical-cavity surface emitting laser modes; Apertures; Laboratories; Laser modes; Optical interconnections; Optical propagation; Optical pumping; Optical reflection; Steel; Surface emitting lasers; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9197

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/3.958368

Filename

958368