Title :
VCSEL design using the bidirectional beam-propagation method
Author :
Rao, Hongling ; Steel, M.J. ; Scarmozzino, Rob ; Osgood, Richard M., Jr.
Author_Institution :
Microelectron. Sci. Lab., Columbia Univ., New York, NY, USA
fDate :
11/1/2001 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
We present an optical modeling approach for calculating vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSELs) modes based on the bidirectional beam propagation method. Compared with existing approaches, it is flexible, efficient, and convenient. To demonstrate and validate the approach, we examined several design problems for oxide-confined VCSEL devices. Specifically, we modeled the blue-shift phenomenon in small oxidized VCSELs and compared our calculations with previous results. We also examined the dependence of the threshold gain on different oxide-aperture shaped designs and on the thickness and placement of an aperture layer
Keywords :
laser beams; laser modes; optical design techniques; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; VCSEL design; aperture layer thickness; bidirectional beam-propagation method; blue-shift phenomenon; design problems; optical modeling approach; oxide-aperture shaped designs; oxide-confined VCSEL devices; threshold gain; vertical-cavity surface emitting laser modes; Apertures; Laboratories; Laser modes; Optical interconnections; Optical propagation; Optical pumping; Optical reflection; Steel; Surface emitting lasers; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;
Journal_Title :
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
