Improved integral formulations for fast 3-D method-of-moments solvers

This paper introduces a new integral formulation to calculate charge densities of conductor systems that may include multiple dielectric materials. We show that the conditioning of our formulation is much better than that of the standard equivalent charge formulation. When combined with a nonstandard discretization scheme, results can be obtained with higher accuracy at reduced numerical cost. We present a multipole accelerated implementation of our formulation. The results demonstrate that the new approach can cut the iteration count by a factor between two and four. Moreover, we will demonstrate that in the presence of sparsification errors and multiple dielectric materials second-kind formulations are much more accurate than the standard first-kind formulations