Title :
A single-chip CMOS APS camera with direct frame difference output
Author :
Ma, Shyh-Yih ; Chen, Liang-Gee
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei, Taiwan
fDate :
10/1/1999 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) active pixel sensor (APS) camera chip with direct frame difference output is reported in this paper. The proposed APS cell circuit has in-pixel storage for previous frame image data so that the current frame image and the previous frame image can be read out simultaneously in differential mode. The signal swing of the pixel circuit is maximized for low supply voltage operation. The pixel circuit occupies 32.2×32.2 μm2 of chip area with a fill factor of 33%. A 128×98 element prototype camera chip with an on-chip 8-bit analog-to-digital converter has been fabricated in a 0.5-μm double-poly double-metal CMOS process and successfully tested. The camera chip consumes 56 mW at 30 frames/s with 3.3 V power supply
Keywords :
CMOS image sensors; analogue-digital conversion; digital readout; integrated circuit noise; interference suppression; low-power electronics; video cameras; 0.5 micron; 3.3 V; 56 mW; 8 bit; active pixel sensor; analog-to-digital converter; direct frame difference output; double-poly double-metal CMOS process; in-pixel storage; low supply voltage operation; motion detection; onchip ADC; previous frame image data; single-chip CMOS APS camera; video compression; CMOS image sensors; CMOS process; Cameras; Circuits; Image storage; Low voltage; Motion detection; Pixel; Power supplies; Sensor arrays;
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
