Title :
A bond-wire inductor-MOS varactor VCO tunable from 1.8 to 2.4 GHz
Author :
Svelto, Francesco ; Castello, Rinaldo
Author_Institution :
Dipt. di Elettronica, Pavia Univ., Italy
fDate :
1/1/2002 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
This paper presents a technique that optimizes LC-tank CMOS voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) by minimizing the product of phase noise and power consumption. Moreover, it shows that the minimum depends on the tank´s quality factor Q, the device noise coefficient γ, and the ratio between the maximum oscillation amplitude and supply voltage α. Prototypes, realized in a 0.35-μm process, show the following performances: -122.5 dBc/Hz at 600 kHz from a 1.9-GHz carrier, with 2-V supply voltage and 1-mA current consumption. The VCO can be tuned between 1.8-2.4 GHz, when the varactor control voltage is varied between 0-3.5 V. In the proposed realization, the tank is made of a metal-oxide-silicon varactor (operated between accumulation and deep depletion) and a bond-wire inductor, realized connecting two pads to a package frame lead to be compatible with the production environment
Keywords :
CMOS analogue integrated circuits; Q-factor; UHF integrated circuits; UHF oscillators; circuit tuning; inductors; phase noise; transceivers; varactors; voltage-controlled oscillators; 1.8 to 2.4 GHz; 2 V; LC-tank CMOS VCO; bond-wire inductor-MOS varactor VCO; device noise coefficient; figure-of-merit; optimum design; phase noise; power consumption; quality factor; tunable VCO; Bonding; Energy consumption; Noise level; Phase noise; Prototypes; Q factor; Signal to noise ratio; Varactors; Voltage; Voltage-controlled oscillators;
Journal_Title :
Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on
