Modern digital image analysis

In this review of modern image analysis, the author attempts to show how image analysis differs substantially from image processing. He suggests that image analysis can be viewed as a direct measurement or parameter estimation problem or as a problem in image transformation. In the former case great care must be taken in choosing the image representation, estimation formula, and sampling density. In the latter case care must be taken to understand and adapt the transformation to the quantization effects inherent in the digital representation of an image. The relationship between measurement accuracy, the sampling frequency, and the formulas for parameter estimation is studied. It is noted that the levels of accuracy required in industrial inspection, for example, frequently require sampling frequencies far in excess of the Nyquist frequency