Determining heart rate from noisy pulse oximeter signals using fuzzy logic

A two-layer fuzzy logic system was developed for the determination of heart rate from pulse oximeter signals subjected to strong motion artifact. The system finds the heart rate quickly due to its low reliance on past data. On healthy subjects, errors relative to a noise-free reference were small or negligible 77% of the time, and the average initial response time was over 7 times faster than an analogous adaptive filtering method.