VHDL-AMS and PSPICE modeling of ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer for biological mediums application

Ultrasound systems are widely used. Modeling and simulation of ultrasonic transducers systems is a challenging task due to the presence of multi-physics effects such as electrical and mechanical effects and their interaction. Different approaches were proposed to predict the piezoelectric transducer behavior such as a numerical resolution of piezoelectric equations. Another approach is based on the equivalent electrical circuit simulation using an electric simulator like SPICE or high-level hardware description languages like VHDL-AMS. The simulation results obtained using SPICE and VHDL-AMS are discussed. The piezoelectric element proposed is the ceramic material disc vibrating in thickness mode at a frequency of 2.25 MHz. The simulations approaches presented in this work are based on the electrical Redwood model and its parameters are deduced from the transducer acoustical characteristics and for different biological mediums.