Two-dimensional FIR filter architectures based on NTT

Two architectures suitable for programmable real-time two-dimensional finite-impulse-response (FIR) filters for a 512×512 pixel video system are presented. By applying the Winograd algorithm for an input data sequence of four pixels, the filtering rate is decimated by a factor of four and at the same time the required number of multiplications is reduced compared with conventional approaches. The implementation of the Winograd algorithm yields a regular and well-structured layout when implemented with a pipelined bit-serial architecture. The first architecture consists of parallel one-dimensional filters, whereas the second is truly two-dimensional. The CMOS layout of a programmable filter with a window size of 5×5 pixels demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed method