Agile frequency synthesizer for cognitive radios

Author

Xu, Liangge ; Stadius, Kari ; Rapinoja, Tapio ; Ryynänen, Jussi

Author_Institution

Dept. of Micro- & Nanosci., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Helsinki, Finland

fYear

2009

Firstpage

275

Lastpage

278

Abstract

This paper describes an implementation of a frequency synthesizer for cognitive ratio application. The frequency synthesizer is based on all-digital phase locked loop, and employs adaptive frequency calibration for fast settling. Wide tuning range is achieved by using a ring oscillator with a band-extension technique. The frequency synthesizer is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process. It occupies an active area of 0.3 mm² and has a power consumption less than 22 mW from a 1.2-V supply. Measured frequency tuning range is from 2.7 to 6.1 GHz. The measured phase noise level at 1-MHz offset is -90 dBc/Hz at 5.5-GHz output frequency.

Keywords

CMOS digital integrated circuits; cognitive radio; digital phase locked loops; frequency synthesizers; radiofrequency oscillators; CMOS process; adaptive frequency calibration; agile frequency synthesizer; all-digital phase locked loop; band-extension technique; cognitive radios; frequency 2.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz; frequency 2.7 GHz to 6.1 GHz; ring oscillator; size 65 nm; voltage 1.2 V; CMOS process; Calibration; Cognitive radio; Energy consumption; Frequency measurement; Frequency synthesizers; Noise measurement; Phase locked loops; Ring oscillators; Tuning;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Circuit Theory and Design, 2009. ECCTD 2009. European Conference on

Conference_Location

Antalya

Print_ISBN

978-1-4244-3896-9

Electronic_ISBN

978-1-4244-3896-9

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/ECCTD.2009.5274940

Filename

5274940