Acoustic radiation from offshore wind farms

Offshore wind resources are being tapped increasingly in many parts of the world including the USA. Measurement and monitoring of acoustic noise radiation from the turbines before, during and after the development of offshore wind farm is extremely important to assess the acoustic impact of the installation on marine life. An overview of the various sources of noise is presented in this article. Ambient noise measurement at the proposed wind farm location off Rhode Island is reviewed in this article. Finally, acoustic noise from pile driving is analysed using Finite Element Method (FEM).