Integrated, High-Frequency DC-DC Converter Technologies Leading to Monolithic Power Conversion

Increasing demands in end-user applications such as greater speed and bandwidth, computing power, storage density with demands on energy efficiency have driven power management solutions towards higher conversion efficiencies, higher power densities, greater noise immunity, and extreme integration. We present advances and choices in the fundamental technologies as well as their manufacturing counterparts which lead to the simultaneous increase in switching frequencies and power density while maintaining or even increasing efficiencies. Highly integrated power solutions enabling end-user needs are presented along with roadmaps of technology and manufacturing evolution over time.