An improving method for image watermarking using image averaging and tuned pixels prediction

This paper considers a digital watermarking based on the modification of color image pixels, and proposes an improving method to improve its performance. Conceptually, in the watermark embedding process, an image averaging technique is considered and used to reduce the variation of pixel values, while in the watermark retrieval process, an tuning technique is implemented in the original pixel prediction in order to improve the accuracy of the retrieved watermark. The experimental results show that the proposed method obtains a better performance in term of NC at equivalent quality of watermarked images, compared to the previous watermarking methods. The robustness against various types of common image processing attacks is also evaluated and compared.