A codestream domain authentication and tamper localization scheme for JPEG 2000

This paper proposes a tamper detection and localization scheme for JPEG 2000 coded images. The proposed scheme signs a JPEG 2000 compressed codestream without decompressing it, i.e. in the codestream domain. The generated signature is directly inserted to the codestream so that the sign is not needed to transmit separately. The signature insertion in the proposed scheme complies with codestream structure, so a standard JPEG 2000 decoder simply neglects the signature and the decoded image is not distorted. Tamper detection compares the signature extracted from the signed codestream and the signature regenerated from the codestream. Since the signature is generated in encoded codeblocks, tampered regions are spatially localized as well as tampered positions are localized in the codestream domain. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.