A methodology in complex processes automation

A complex process is a process composed of a series of unit operations which interact between themselves and influence each other. According to this definition, any industrial plant can be considered as a complex process. In order to accomplish these complex processes automation, a methodology should be followed. This paper proposes an automation methodology in seven steps: (1) decomposition of the complex process into its unit operations; (2) modelling of each unit operation; (3) feasibility study; (4) models solving; (5) validation; (6) optimization and optimal control; and (7) implementation. Each step is explained and the fundamental techniques in solving each one are discussed. As an illustrative example, the pulp and paper process is taken