Particle filter based knee kinematics analysis with 2-D/3-D image registration

Analyzing knee kinematics of implanted knee after Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is affective approach in the research area of orthopaedics. There are some studies based on 2-D/3-D image registration of 2-D fluoroscopy images and 3-D geometric model. However, these conventional studies are designed for still statics image analysis, and there are a few studies for dynamic image of continuously knee movement. In addition, the another problem are to fall into local maxima in high-dimensional search space, and not to consider continuous knee movement. This paper proposes an analysis method of the continuous implanted knee kinematics based on Particle Filter. The proposed method estimates 3-D pose position of the implanted knee joint using 2-D/3-D image registration based on Particle filter. Particle filter is able to estimate optimal solution from multiple candidate pose position. The experimental results showed that the proposed method analyzed the continuous movement of the knee joint and estimated the knee joint angles.