Applications of X-parameters in behavioral modeling of RF power amplifiers for wireless communications: An overview

X-parameters are developed as an extension of S-parameters. They are capable of characterizing and modeling nonlinear systems. One of the most popular and important area where X-parameters find their usefulness is behavior modeling of radio-frequency power amplifier. Based on review of current literature, as well as discussion on the latest in-house research, this paper presents an overview of the theory and practical applications of X-parameter-based behavior modeling technique. The focus is put on the applications of X-parameters in characterizing and modeling various type of radio-frequency power amplifier. Future research direction in this area is also discussed.