Surface soil geochemical quality evaluation based on the space analysis of GIS

Shijiazhuang is the capital of Hebei Province, also the north-south transportation hub, so the soil quality evaluation is of great significance for human survival and development. In this study, single factor index method and Nemerow composite index method were used to evaluate the surface soil geochemical quality with eight heavy metals based on GIS in Shijiazhuang. Single factor index method analysis showed that: in the study area the main pollution elements was As, Cu, and Pb, the remaining elements of contamination were small. As element was mainly distributed in northern urban area, Cu element was mainly distributed in the central urban area, Pb element was distributed in most urban areas. Nemerow composite index method analysis indicated that: the soil of study area was level 1 except the region near by the coking plants, pharmaceutical plants, steel and fertilizer plants. The area ratio of the three level was about 8.5∶1∶0.5.