A Key Management Scheme for Manually Deployed Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Dual Directional Hash Chains

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are usually deployed in unattended adversary or even hostile environments. Great difficulties and challenges of bootstrapping network security stem from the particular nature of WSNs. Key management mechanism is a basic key problem of them. To the case of manually deployed WSNs, we introduce a key distribution scheme based on dual directional hash chains and honeycomb-like network topology. The analysis and evaluation show that our scheme can effectively weaken the threat of node capture, be resilience against node replication or node forgery. Besides of good security properties, the scheme promises good node addition or network extension ability.