Architecture and algorithms for new cesium beam frequency standard electronics

A description is given of a new electronics design that addresses microwave amplitude shift, C-field, Rabi pulling, microwave spectral purity, and modulation distortion. The design is microprocessor-based, with automatic lock-up and long term operation without operator intervention. The basic architecture and algorithms are covered, as well as the design considerations necessary to limit error contributions due to electronics effects to the level of a few parts in 10¹⁴. Frequency standards using the new electronics demonstrate the expected stability and accuracy improvements