Power integrated circuits and their applications in power conversion systems

Power integrated circuits (PIC) or smart power circuits, were first developed to address a few electronic applications that were beyond the scope of conventional IC technologies. PICs were first used in replacing existing circuits implemented primarily in discrete form and involving bulky components such as transformers, capacitors etc. As a result of this, the main challenge for PICs remain in the cost of implementation in comparison with their discrete counterpart. To address this, several technologies and high voltage device concepts have been developed. In conjunction with this, new power conversion system concepts are being explored that can allow flexibility and advantages in integrated solutions. Today a large class of applications are emerging, in the low to moderate power levels where power IC or high voltage ICs are expected to provide advantage in size and cost per function. These include, switch mode power supplies, motor controllers, electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps, automotive electronics, display drivers and telecommunication circuits. Some of the key device and technology advances are described along with a few specific applications.