Title :
Modulator evaluation method in Δ-Σ fractional-N frequency synthesis
Author :
Borkowski, Maciej Jan ; Riley, Thomas A D ; Kostamovaara, Juha
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Inf. Eng., Oulu Univ., Finland
Abstract :
The choice of a Δ-Σ modulator architecture has a significant impact on the performance of the Δ-Σ frequency synthesizer. The paper focuses on a modulator design method that allows full modulator and synthesizer characterization. It is shown that the MASH architecture can be designed to maintain a constant, arbitrarily long, output sequence for each input DC value. A modulator designed in such a way spreads the quantization noise over a known, arbitrarily large number of tones within the Nyquist bandwidth. Post modulator filtering is considered as a case study.
Keywords :
delta-sigma modulation; filtering theory; frequency synthesizers; frequency-domain analysis; modulators; network synthesis; quantisation (signal); random noise; time-domain analysis; Δ-Σ fractional-N frequency synthesis; Nyquist bandwidth; delta-sigma frequency synthesizers; delta-sigma modulator architecture; frequency domain analysis; modulator characterization; modulator evaluation method; post modulator filtering; quantization noise; synthesizer characterization; time domain analysis; Delta modulation; Design methodology; Feedback loop; Filtering; Filters; Frequency synthesizers; Multi-stage noise shaping; Noise shaping; Phase estimation; Phase locked loops;
Conference_Titel :
Communications, Circuits and Systems, 2004. ICCCAS 2004. 2004 International Conference on
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-8647-7
DOI :
10.1109/ICCCAS.2004.1346384
