Design, fabrication, and characterization of ultra-wide band TEM horn for microwave imaging

The design, fabrication, and characterization of an ultra-wide band antenna for near-field microwave imaging are presented. The focus is on an application in microwave breast tumor detection. The new antenna operates as a sensor with the following properties: 1) direct contact with the imaged body, 2) more than 90% of the microwave power is coupled into the tissue, 3) ultra-wide band performance, 4) excellent de-coupling from the outside environment, 5) small size, and 6) simple fabrication. The antenna characterization includes return loss, total efficiency, near-field directivity, fidelity, and group velocity. Simulation and experimental results confirm the satisfactory performance of the antenna as an ultra-wide band sensor for near-field microwave imaging.