Photovoltaic based active generator: Energy control system using stateflow analysis

At present, most of the grid connected photovoltaic (PV) systems are operating at maximum power points and injecting power in uncontrolled way. Thus, active generator will be a good solution to support instantaneous power balance, frequency control and maintaining the power quality with controllable power injection. This new mode of active generator needs innovative power management. The new proposed energy control system for active generator might help to manage the energy within the micro-grid environment. In this work, the focus is to manage the energy among the PV based active generator, load and interconnected grid and energy controller architecture for that purpose is presented. It considers availability of the solar resources, storage system and load requirements. If there is lack of energy from the active generator, then the grid supplies remaining energy. For architecture of energy controller, Stateflow ® model is used. It uses available energy information from PV array, battery storage with super-capacitors and load requirements for managing the energy flow and it provides control signals to the power conditioning devices, which are used for integrating the sources. The presented energy management algorithm will be useful for the future smart grid system and also for building integrated PV based active generator system and demand side management.