Spatially modulated communication method using dual scatterers for wireless power transmission

A novel spatially modulated communication method with electrically controlled dual scatterers has been proposed for wireless power transmission systems. Electromagnetic wave interference produced by the scatterers forms the spatial modulation, whose precise mechanism has been successfully formulated using the array factor theory. The scatterers are formed by lumped-element embedded miniature antennas, which are short-circuit terminated. One of those scatterers includes an integrated voltage-controlled varactor for changing the array factor. For a frequency range from 5.5 to 6.2 GHz, a fabricated module exhibits an excellent spatial modulation potential with a dynamic range of 9.6 to 19.9 dB. The spatial modulation experiment was carried out using base-band signals such as sine-waves and square-waves. A measured AM-modulation factor of 60% was achieved.