Hybrid EM-simulator based optimization of microwave and millimeter wave diplexers and multiplexers

A hybrid technique for the optimization of microwave diplexers and multiplexers is introduced. The technique is based on a combination of surrogate models with EM simulators. All characteristic model parameters of the initial electromagnetic structure (including the power divider network), as well as their sensitivities, are extracted from an EM-based S-parameter computation of the full structure and are represented by a coupling matrix. The ideal coupling matrix is extracted from the target transfer function representing the multiplexer characteristics. With just n+1 electromagnetic field simulations per optimization step new possibilities of design and tuning of multiplexers are given.